The models were trained in collaboration with Microsoft on their Azure supercomputing infrastructure, using Nvidia GPUs, "supercomputer developed for OpenAI is a single system with more than 285,000 CPU cores, 10,000 GPUs and 400 gigabits per second of network connectivity for each GPU server". Proximal Policy Optimization algorithms present a cost-effective benefit to trust region policy optimization algorithms they negate many of the computationally expensive operations with faster performance. These rankings were used to create 'reward models' that the model was further fine-tuned on using several iterations of Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO). In the reinforcement learning step, human trainers first ranked responses that the model had created in a previous conversation. In the case of supervised learning, the model was provided with conversations in which the trainers played both sides: the user and the AI assistant. Both approaches used human trainers to improve the model's performance. The fine-tuning process leveraged both supervised learning as well as reinforcement learning in a process called reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF). ![]() ![]() It was fine-tuned (an approach to transfer learning ) over an improved version of OpenAI's GPT-3 known as " GPT 3.5". ĬhatGPT was originally released in November 2022 based on GPT-3.5 GPT-4, the newest OpenAI model, was released on March 14, 2023, and is available for ChatGPT Plus users.ĬhatGPT is a member of the generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) family of language models. Following the release of ChatGPT, OpenAI's valuation was estimated at US$29 billion in 2023. ![]() Its uneven factual accuracy, however, has been identified as a significant drawback. It is built on top of OpenAI's GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 families of large language models (LLMs) and has been fine-tuned (an approach to transfer learning) using both supervised and reinforcement learning techniques.ĬhatGPT was launched as a prototype on November 30, 2022, and quickly garnered attention for its detailed responses and articulate answers across many domains of knowledge. ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence chatbot developed by OpenAI and launched in November 2022.
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